Motorcycle Suspension - Basic Set Up

Modern sporting motorcycles can come with a nearAdjusting rebound and compression damping is
dizzying array of suspension adjustability. Pre-load,considerably more complicated, and requires riding
compression damping, rebound, high-speed damping,your bike and trying different settings over time.
low-speed damping, etc. Where to start?More compression damping in front reduces the
Before you start looking over your bike to see whatamount your bike will dive under braking. More in the
we're talking about, please note this article is primarilyback will reduce how much the rear end squats under
intended for the sportbike rider. Most cruisers havepower. Too much compression damping can cause
little or no suspension adjustability. You either livethe bike to ride rough, transmitting every bump in
with what the factory gave you, you have yourthe road to you without absorbing much. If you're
suspension components upgraded with after marketonly riding on a smooth racetrack, more compression
units, or have the internal bits replaced by adamping might be a good thing. If you ride on gnarly
professional.back roads, you'll probably want to soften up your
The easiest and most important adjustment you cansettings.
make is to set the static sag. Sag is just what itRebound damping affects how much your wheels
sounds like - how much the bike sags when you're"bounce" off the brakes and wallow under power.
on it.Too much rebound damping and your suspension will
Ideally your sag should be from 25 to 30 mm, or 1 tonot react fast enough to properly follow bumps in
1 ½ inches, on most bikes. To find out wherethe road. Your forks or shock can get "packed
your sag is, you'll need a helper. Dress up in all yourdown" by repeated bumps, which reduces your
usual riding apparel, including helmet, leathers, boots,suspension travel and can lead to a very poor ride, or
etc. You want to set your sag using the sameworse. Too little rebound damping in the front or rear
weight as when you ride. While standing next to theand your bike will be wallowing around like a '68
bike, push down on the tail once or twice to makeCadillac, making it very unpleasant and hard to control.
sure the suspension is at its normal resting position.Your mission is to find the right balance for you and
Using a dowel rod, yard stick, or similar device,your riding style. Generally it's best to start out with
measure the distance from the ground to a particularthe settings your bike came with from the factory.
point on the motorcycle. Turn signals or a point onThere's a reason why they're set where they are.
the seat or frame will work fine. Just make sure theFrom there, spend a little time on the bike. Is it too
point you measure from is not covered up whenstiff? Does it wallow? Pay attention to how the
you're on the bike. OK, got the measurement? Eitherdifferent ends of the bike feel. Adjust accordingly,
write down the measurement (in inches orbut not too much. We suggest adjusting in
millimeters) or simply mark the spot on your rodincrements of one click at a time, until you find the
stick.sweet spot you're looking for.
Now get on the motorcycle, in full gear. This is whereOnce you get your favorite settings dialed in, you
your helper is needed. For the most accuratecan start playing around with them a little at different
measurement, try to hold the bike fully vertical withtimes. For example, you might want to tighten things
both your feet on the pegs. In this position, takeup a bit for a fast track day at California Speedway.
another measurement. See the difference? That isOr you might want to loosen them up a notch or 2 if
your sag. If it's smaller than 1 inch or greater than 1you're planning to ride Carmel Valley Road (ask me
½ inches, you'll need to adjust the pre-load onhow I know!). Whether or not you choose to leave
your forks and/or shock to get the desired results.the settings alone or make occasional adjustments,
Increase pre-load (usually a clockwise turn of themaking your motorcycle handle better for you and
adjusting screw or collar) a little at a time to reduceyour riding style can lower lap times, and will definitely
your sag. Decreasing pre-load will increase the amountenhance your riding enjoyment.
your bike sags.